diff --git a/src/guf_dict.h b/src/guf_dict.h
index d9dae4e..134477c 100755
--- a/src/guf_dict.h
+++ b/src/guf_dict.h
@@ -127,6 +127,8 @@ GUF_DICT_KWRDS GUF_DICT_NAME *GUF_CAT(GUF_DICT_NAME, _try_init)(GUF_DICT_NAME *h
 GUF_DICT_KWRDS GUF_DICT_NAME *GUF_CAT(GUF_DICT_NAME, _init)(GUF_DICT_NAME *ht, guf_allocator *alloc);
 
 GUF_DICT_KWRDS void GUF_CAT(GUF_DICT_NAME, _free)(GUF_DICT_NAME *ht, void *ctx);
+GUF_DICT_KWRDS GUF_DICT_NAME *GUF_CAT(GUF_DICT_NAME, _copy)(GUF_DICT_NAME *dst, const GUF_DICT_NAME *src, void *ctx);
+GUF_DICT_KWRDS GUF_DICT_NAME *GUF_CAT(GUF_DICT_NAME, _move)(GUF_DICT_NAME *dst, GUF_DICT_NAME *src, void *ctx);
 
 GUF_DICT_KWRDS void GUF_CAT(GUF_DICT_NAME, _try_insert)(GUF_DICT_NAME *ht, GUF_DICT_KEY_T *key, GUF_DICT_VAL_T *val, guf_cpy_opt key_opt, guf_cpy_opt val_opt, guf_err *err);
 GUF_DICT_KWRDS void GUF_CAT(GUF_DICT_NAME, _insert)(GUF_DICT_NAME *ht, GUF_DICT_KEY_T *key, GUF_DICT_VAL_T *val, guf_cpy_opt key_opt, guf_cpy_opt val_opt);
@@ -173,10 +175,10 @@ GUF_DICT_KWRDS size_t GUF_CAT(GUF_DICT_NAME, _memory_usage)(const GUF_DICT_NAME
 GUF_DICT_KWRDS bool GUF_CAT(GUF_DICT_NAME, _valid)(const GUF_DICT_NAME *ht);
 GUF_DICT_KWRDS bool GUF_CAT(GUF_DICT_NAME, _debug_valid_size)(const GUF_DICT_NAME *ht);
 
-
 // #define GUF_DICT_IMPL /* DEBUGGGGGGGGG */
 
 #if defined(GUF_DICT_IMPL) || defined(GUF_DICT_IMPL_STATIC)
+#include <string.h>
 #include "guf_assert.h"
 #include "guf_math.h"
 
@@ -282,8 +284,6 @@ GUF_DICT_KWRDS size_t GUF_CAT(GUF_DICT_NAME, _memory_usage)(const GUF_DICT_NAME
     return mem_kv_indices + mem_kv_elems;
 }
 
-
-
 GUF_DICT_KWRDS void GUF_CAT(GUF_DICT_NAME, _free)(GUF_DICT_NAME *ht, void *ctx)
 {
     (void)ctx;
@@ -302,6 +302,69 @@ GUF_DICT_KWRDS void GUF_CAT(GUF_DICT_NAME, _free)(GUF_DICT_NAME *ht, void *ctx)
     ht->max_probelen = 0;
 }
 
+GUF_DICT_KWRDS GUF_DICT_NAME *GUF_CAT(GUF_DICT_NAME, _copy)(GUF_DICT_NAME *dst, const GUF_DICT_NAME *src, void *ctx)
+{
+    (void)ctx;
+    GUF_ASSERT_RELEASE(dst);
+    GUF_ASSERT_RELEASE(GUF_CAT(GUF_DICT_NAME, _valid)(src));
+    GUF_ASSERT_RELEASE(dst != src);
+
+    dst->kv_indices = NULL; 
+    dst->kv_indices_cap = dst->max_probelen = dst->num_tombstones = 0;
+    dst->kv_elems.allocator = NULL; 
+    dst->kv_elems.data = NULL;
+    dst->kv_elems.capacity = dst->kv_elems.size = 0;
+
+    GUF_DICT_KV_DBUF *kv_elems_cpy = GUF_CAT(GUF_DICT_KV_DBUF, _copy)(&dst->kv_elems, &src->kv_elems, NULL);
+    if (!kv_elems_cpy) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    
+    if (src->kv_indices) {
+        GUF_ASSERT(src->kv_indices_cap > 0);
+        const ptrdiff_t num_bytes = src->kv_indices_cap * sizeof(src->kv_indices[0]);
+        dst->kv_indices = src->kv_elems.allocator->alloc(num_bytes, src->kv_elems.allocator->ctx);
+        if (!dst->kv_indices) {
+            GUF_CAT(GUF_DICT_KV_DBUF, _free)(&dst->kv_elems, NULL);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        memcpy(dst->kv_indices, src->kv_indices, num_bytes);
+        dst->kv_indices_cap = src->kv_indices_cap;
+    } else {
+        dst->kv_indices = NULL;
+    }
+
+    dst->max_probelen = src->max_probelen;
+    dst->num_tombstones = src->num_tombstones;
+
+    GUF_ASSERT(dst->kv_elems.size == src->kv_elems.size && dst->kv_elems.capacity == src->kv_elems.capacity && dst->kv_elems.allocator == src->kv_elems.allocator);
+    GUF_ASSERT(dst->kv_indices_cap == src->kv_indices_cap);
+    return dst;
+}
+
+GUF_DICT_KWRDS GUF_DICT_NAME *GUF_CAT(GUF_DICT_NAME, _move)(GUF_DICT_NAME *dst, GUF_DICT_NAME *src, void *ctx)
+{
+    (void)ctx;
+    GUF_ASSERT_RELEASE(dst);
+    GUF_ASSERT_RELEASE(GUF_CAT(GUF_DICT_NAME, _valid)(src));
+    GUF_ASSERT_RELEASE(dst != src);
+
+    dst->kv_elems = src->kv_elems; 
+    dst->kv_indices = src->kv_indices; 
+    dst->kv_indices_cap = src->kv_indices_cap;
+    dst->max_probelen = src->max_probelen;
+    dst->num_tombstones = src->num_tombstones;
+
+    src->kv_indices = NULL; 
+    src->kv_indices_cap = src->max_probelen = src->num_tombstones = 0;
+
+    src->kv_elems.allocator = NULL; 
+    src->kv_elems.data = NULL;
+    src->kv_elems.capacity = src->kv_elems.size = 0;
+    
+    return dst;
+}
+
 GUF_DICT_KWRDS ptrdiff_t GUF_CAT(GUF_DICT_NAME, _size)(const GUF_DICT_NAME *ht)
 {
     GUF_ASSERT_RELEASE(GUF_CAT(GUF_DICT_NAME, _valid)(ht));
diff --git a/src/guf_str.h b/src/guf_str.h
index 06fa039..1198515 100644
--- a/src/guf_str.h
+++ b/src/guf_str.h
@@ -87,6 +87,8 @@ GUF_STR_KWRDS guf_str guf_str_try_new(guf_str_view str_view, guf_allocator *allo
 GUF_STR_KWRDS guf_str guf_str_new(guf_str_view str_view, guf_allocator *alloc);
 
 GUF_STR_KWRDS void guf_str_free(guf_str *str, void *ctx);
+GUF_STR_KWRDS guf_str *guf_str_copy(guf_str *dst, const guf_str *src, void *ctx);
+GUF_STR_KWRDS guf_str *guf_str_move(guf_str *dst, guf_str *src, void *ctx);
 
 // TODO:
 GUF_STR_KWRDS guf_str guf_str_try_new_substr(guf_str_view str_view, ptrdiff_t pos, ptrdiff_t len, guf_allocator *alloc, guf_err *err);
@@ -550,6 +552,53 @@ GUF_STR_KWRDS void guf_str_free(guf_str *str, void *ctx)
     }
 }
 
+GUF_STR_KWRDS guf_str *guf_str_copy(guf_str *dst, const guf_str *src, void *ctx)
+{
+    (void)ctx;
+    GUF_ASSERT_RELEASE(dst);
+    GUF_ASSERT_RELEASE(guf_str_is_valid(src));
+
+    guf_str_init_empty(dst, src->allocator);
+    GUF_ASSERT(guf_str_is_short_internal_(dst));
+
+    if (!guf_str_is_short_internal_(src)) {
+        const size_t src_cap_with_null = guf_str_cap_internal_(src) + 1;
+        char *dst_cstr = src->allocator->alloc(src_cap_with_null, src->allocator->ctx);
+        if (!dst_cstr) {
+            *dst = guf_str_new_uninitialised();
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        dst->data.lng.c_str = dst_cstr;
+        dst->data.lng.capacity = src->data.lng.capacity;
+        dst->data.lng.size = src->data.lng.size;
+    } else {
+        dst->data.shrt.size = src->data.shrt.size;
+    }
+    
+    const size_t src_len_with_null = guf_str_len_internal_(src) + 1;
+    GUF_ASSERT(src_len_with_null == (guf_str_len_internal_(dst) + 1));
+    GUF_ASSERT(guf_str_is_short(dst) == guf_str_is_short(src));
+
+    const char *src_cstr = guf_str_const_cstr(src);
+    char *dst_cstr = guf_str_cstr(dst);
+    GUF_ASSERT(src_cstr && dst_cstr);
+    memcpy(dst_cstr, src_cstr, src_len_with_null);
+
+    GUF_ASSERT(guf_str_is_valid(dst));
+    return dst;
+}
+
+GUF_STR_KWRDS guf_str *guf_str_move(guf_str *dst, guf_str *src, void *ctx)
+{
+    (void)ctx;
+    GUF_ASSERT_RELEASE(dst);
+    GUF_ASSERT_RELEASE(guf_str_is_valid(src));
+    *dst = *src;
+    *src = guf_str_new_uninitialised();
+    return dst;
+}
+
+
 
 
 GUF_STR_KWRDS guf_str *guf_str_try_append_char(guf_str *str, char c, ptrdiff_t times, guf_err *err)